CHAPTER TWO:

Nikola Tesla

 

It is very rare in history that one man can affect the lives of so many of his fellow man; there have only been two such men, in our judgment during the last one thousand years.  The first was Sir Isaac Newton, the father of classical mechanics and one of the principal developers of calculus.1 The other is Nikola Tesla.  The time span of his work covered from the early 1880’s to 1943, when he died a poor man.  Many scientists were very jealous of him because of his unmatched insight and scientific ability.  He did not believe that Einstein’s Theory of Relativity was in any way correct.

He said, during a speech to the Institute of Immigrant Welfare (May 12, 1938): “There is no energy in matter other than that received from the environment.” At other times, he also stated, “Atomic power is an illusion.” (1-p250) He felt this because during his experiments using currents of several million volts, he stated that he had smashed untold billions of atoms without having any

1The other was a German mathematician by the name of Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz who also discovered calculus at about the same time as Newton, but independently.

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thermal nuclear reaction or any emission of energy coming from these experiments.  He said, principally something very similar to what we theorize.  He envisioned this energy to be similar to the old theory of the existence of the “ether.” (The “ether” theory is discussed in the chapter on magnetism.) Although he never visual­ized existence the way we theorize it, he had experimented and worked long enough with high voltage and high frequency devices to intuitively know that there was something interrelated with mat­ter that gave it its energy.  We are not saying that we believe in any way in the “ether” theory; we just wish to point out that many great minds in science intuitively felt there was something inter­related with matter that could not be seen or readily detected.

Since Tesla believed in the “ether” theory, after 1905, when Einstein’s special theory of relativity was published, the scientific community began to ignore him, not giving him credit for many of his inventions and theoretical discoveries.  When Einstein published his general theory of relativity, Tesla still insisted that Einstein was totally wrong and that Einstein’s gravitational field theory was also completely wrong. (Tesla had his own theory of gravitation but never published it for reasons unknown.) At this time, Tesla had most of academia, including all the well-known physicists and scientists, against him.  The harsh consequence of Tesla’s rejection of the theory of relativity was that he was “written out” of most of the textbooks and scientific journals of the day.  So, by the 1930s, Tesla was unknown except to a very few.

He was relegated to a life of obscurity so that the major physi­cists of academia could develop Einstein’s theory of relativity, especially his general theory, without the impeccable logic of Nikola Tesla, constantly criticizing and blatantly informing them that their great idea wasn’t worth the paper on which it was printed.  Combined with the fact that Tesla had made most of the major discoveries of the early part of the 20th century, years be­fore other scientists, this also instilled jealousy.  These scientists did not want it well known that their work was merely a continua­tion, or rediscovery, of Tesla’s done many years earlier.  Few peo­ple were interested in giving Tesla the credit he so richly deserved.

It is not only our opinion that Tesla was a great scientific genius.  The famous English scientist, Baron William Kelvin stated: “Tesla has contributed more to electrical science than any man up to his time.” (1-pl07) Another accolade was given by Mr. B. A. Behrend,

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Chairman of the Edison Medal Committee, American Institute of

Electrical Engineers, during that Institute’s presentation of the

Edison Medal to Tesla in 1917.  He said:

“The due appreciation or even enumeration of the results of Mr. Tesla’s invention is neither practicable nor desirable at this moment.  There is a time for all things.  Suffice it to say that, were we to seize and eliminate from our industrial world the results of Mr. Tesla’s work, the wheels of industry would cease to turn, our electric cars and trains would stop, our towns would be dark, our mills would be dead and idle.  Yes, so far reaching is this work, that it has become the warp and woof of industry. . . . His name marks an epoch in the advance of electrical science.  From that work has sprung a revolution in the electrical art.” (1-p236)

The best way to understand why Tesla was so great is to know what he invented and what his theoretical discoveries were.  Listed below are just some of the more important of his discoveries.  All of these discoveries and concepts were first discovered by him from 3 to 80 years before anyone else.  Many scientists received credit for these discoveries without giving Tesla any credit at all.

Year                                           Theoretical Discoveries

 

1890           The concept of tuned coils and tuned circuits on which all present-day electronics is based.

 

1890           That high frequency currents produce heat in the human body and other objects.  There is a wide range of applica­tions from this principle, one of which is our present-day microwave oven.

 

1892           The concept of a worldwide broadcasting system using his wireless communications system, which included the prin­ciples of tuned circuits, a ground connection, and antenna.  This system, he said, would enable the transmitting of Morse code, voice, electric power, and eventually, pictures all over the world.

 

1880s         Everything in the universe operated on the principle of vibrations similar to alternating current.

 

1899           That the earth is a good conductor of electricity, along with the upper atmosphere.

 

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1899        That the earth is filled with a tremendous amount of elec­trical potential that could be tapped for energy.  Also, since the upper atmosphere is a good conductor of electricity, and the lower, more dense atmosphere acted as an insulator, the earth could be considered like a large capacitor. (This idea is a very important one, covered in depth in the sec­tion on gravity.)

 

1892        That the sun worked on the same principle as his one-wire, high-frequency incandescent lamp.  He stated that the sun is like an incandescent body that carried a high voltage charge, which would in turn emit large showers of small particles into space at high velocities carrying a large charge. (This idea is covered in greater depth in our chapter on astronomy.)

 

1892        The conclusion from the previous discovery, brought him to the original discovery of cosmic rays.  He correctly theo­rized that they travel at tremendous velocities carrying great amounts of potential.  He also theorized correctly that outer space is filled with these particles from our sun and from other stars in our galaxy; that the earth is con­stantly bombarded by these particles.  He also said that when these particles hit other atoms, the atoms would shatter into pieces.  He theorized that the aurora borealis is caused by these particles from the sun.

 

1896        After Henri Becquerel (a French physicist) discovered that “ mysterious rays” were emitted from uranium, Tesla gave his own theory of what caused this radioactivity.  He said that cosmic rays would cause this radioactivity in other elements, if they were permitted to bombard the element.  The scientific community did not believe him until 30 years later, when Doctor Robert Millikan rediscovered these rays, with all the results Tesla predicted.  Tesla re­ceived no credit for his work.

 

1892        He was the first to discover the existence of electrons.  He referred to them as “electrically charged atoms.”

 

1898        He was the first to envision electronic computers.  He called

 

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them “telautomates.” He felt they would “ultimately be capable of acting as if possessed of their own intelligence and their advent will create a revolution.”

Year                            Inventions

1880s Various types of improved direct current, dynamos, and

motors.

1888        The polyphase, alternating current dynamo.

 

1888        The rotating magnetic field.

 

1888        Various alternating current motors.

 

1890        Various tuned circuits.

 

1890        The first glass electronic vacuum tube for detecting electro­magnetic waves.

 

1890        The electric transformer or induction coil (the Tesla coil).

1891        Various types of voltage regulators for high voltage, high frequency currents.

1891        Fluorescent lighting.

1891        Neon bulbs.

1891        A one-wire incandescent button lamp, which produced 20 times more light than the regular incandescent light bulb.

1893        A description of the devices for his wireless communica­tions system.  The forerunner of the radio.

 

1891-       An atom smasher, more efficient and light-weight than any

1892        in present use today.  He called it his “molecular bombard­ment lamp.”

 

1892        An electron microscope with one million x plus magnifica­tion.

 

1896-       Very efficient gas and steam turbines.

1897

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1897     First radio transmission of intelligent information using tuned circuits, the same principle we use today in our radios.

 

1898        A remote-controlled wireless guidance system for boats and land vehicles.

1899        The first man ever to produce 135 million volts of power.

1899        An apparatus for transmitting electrical energy without wires anywhere in the world.  This method transmitted the energy through the earth.

 

1934     The invention of the laser.

This last invention requires a special explanation. In Tesla’s later life, he was very close-mouthed about what he had discovered, be­cause so many people had stolen his ideas, causing great distrust of everyone.  An excellent book on the life of Tesla is Prodigal Genius by John J. O’Neill.  Mr. O’Neill was a personal friend of Tesla’s from about the 30’s until Tesla’s death.  Although Mr. O’Neill was an ardent fan of Tesla’s, he was not told what this last invention was.  Tesla merely gave everyone clues of what he could do with it.  He intended that this system be used to transmit tremendous amounts of power over long distances.  He referred to this inven­tion as a “death ray” (1934).  On July 24, 1934, New York City, Tesla said that the following are some of the things that this sys­tem could do:

“Still another item which has interested me is a report from Washington in the World Telegram of July 13, 1934, to the effect that scientists doubt the death ray effects.  I am quite in agreement with these doubt­ers and probably more pessimistic in this respect than anybody else, for I speak from long experience.

Rays of the requisite energy cannot be produced, and, then again, their intensity diminishes with the square of the distance.  Not so the agent I employ, which will enable us to transmit to a distant point more energy than is possible by any other kind or ray.

We are all fallible, but as I examine the subject in the light of my present theoretical and experimental knowledge I am filled with deep convictions that I am giving to the world something far beyond the wildest dreams of inventors of all time.” (1-p241)

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On another occasion he said that energy could be transmitted by a ray or beam of infinitesimally small cross section, one hundred thousandth of a centimeter in diameter.

On his birthday in 1938, he said that he could also use this death ray for interplanetary communication.  He said he was able to produce, in the dark region of the thin crescent new moon, an incandescent spot that would glow like a brilliant star so that it could be seen without the aid of a telescope.  He also stated later that this beam had a straight-line trajectory.

There is no doubt from the previous descriptions that Tesla had, indeed, invented the laser, decades before anyone else.

There was a funny result from one of the vibration experiments he was doing in 1896; the ramifications go far beyond anything that even Tesla had suspected.  He was doing a simple vibration experiment in his Houston Street laboratory in New York City.  It was a small oscillator that was big enough to be slipped into one’s pocket.  This mechanical oscillator was driven by an air compressor.  The air moved a reciprocating piston through an electric coil.  In this particular experiment, he attached this oscillator firmly to one of the center beams in his laboratory.  His laboratory was on one of the upper floors.  As the oscillator started up and increased its vibrations, it transmitted these oscillations through the building to the foundation.  As the oscillations increased, an earthquake was formed in a one-mile radius from his laboratory.  Over a period of a few minutes, the shaking became so great that windows shattered, plumbing pipes broke, plaster fell from ceilings, build­ings shook.  Eventually, the oscillations reached the resonnant frequency of his building, which began shaking violently.  Once Tesla realized that his oscillator was causing the building to shake, he destroyed the oscillator and the earthquake stopped immedi­ately.  The building had shaken so badly that if Tesla had not stopped his machine, the building would have collapsed.

The phenomenon here, which no one realized at the time, is how a piston that doesn’t even weigh a pound can be able to develop enough force to generate an earthquake of at least four on the Richter scale.  It is obvious that the oscillator could not have done it in this dimension.  According to our theory of multi­dimensional reality, the reason the oscillator was able to do so much damage was because it was not just oscillating itself in this dimension but it was also oscillating the information that made it

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up in the diehold.  When the oscillator produced the frequency (a lower harmonic) that correlated with the frequency of the infor­mation that made up that piston, it raised the potential of that information.  The domains of information started to overlap affect­ing the information that made up other objects in its vicinity.  The result, in this dimension, was that the piston caused the earth and the other buildings to oscillate.  In reality, these objects were being made to oscillate in the diehold, where all their information was in the same locality, thereby causing the earthquake.

The one lesson to be learned from Tesla’s work and theories is that, if you correctly know how even a small part of existence functions, you will be able to make tremendous advancements in all fields of physics.

REFERENCES

1.             O’Neill, John J., “Prodigal Genius; The Life of Nikola Tesla,” (N.Y., Ives Washburn, Inc., 1944).

 

 

Bibliography

Martin, T. C., The Inventions, Researches and Writings of Nikola Tesla.  N.Y.: The Electrical Engineer, 1894.

Popovic, V.; et. al.: Nikola Tesla; Lectures, Patents, Articles.  Beograd, Nikola Tesla Museum, 1966.

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CHAPTER THREE:

Magnetism and Gravity

For thousands of years, man has wondered about magnetism and gravity.  When the first man discovered the first piece of magnetite (lodestone), he must have marveled at the great magic and mystery that made that piece of magnitite point in only one direction.  Many thousands of years have passed since that first discovery; yet magnetism and gravity have still defied man’s understanding.  Man has advanced scientifically, but not quite far enough to reason out the most basic ingredient of his existence.  If the foundation of our science is incomplete, then the theories, assumptions, and laws that follow will also be incomplete.  This condition will not last forever because eventually science comes to a dead-end.  This hap­pens when the powers of observation catch up to and surpass the ability to explain the observations in the framework of the old philosophy.  Man has come to this stage in his development, and he is seeing things in the fields of astronomy and nuclear physics that just can’t be explained by using Einstein’s theory of relativity and field theory.

The subject of gravity was first quantified by Sir Isaac Newton. Newton looked at gravity as one of many possible forces of nature.

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He considered inertia as the fundamental part of nature, thus it was far more important to classical mechanics than gravity or mag­netism.  Classical mechanics worked well as long as the relative speeds between two objects were not too great.  Astronomers were able to approximate the speeds and distances of planets using Newton’s theories.  Engineers were able to design machines and buildings using classical mechanics and found it worked well.  Then came electricity, which moved at the speed of light (depending on the medium), and classical mechanics started to fall apart.  Men like Michael Faraday, Denis Poisson, Karl Gauss, Wilhelm Weber, James Maxwell, and later Nikola Tesla experimented with elec­tricity and dynamos observing that there was an interrelationship between current and magnetism.  This magnetic field encircled a conductor and was propagated perpendicular to the flow of cur­rent.  It was also observed that a conductor passing perpendicular to a magnetic field would develop a current to be induced through the wire.  Yet, none of the scientists could explain why a magnetic field could induce such a current.  Before Maxwell, scientists en­visioned magnetism as a fluid in the ether.  This fluid collected at the ends of an iron bar when it was “magnetized.” Through the works of Weber and Poisson, it was then visualized as “magnetic matter” that was strictly confined to the molecules.  These mole­cules were always magnetized inside the iron bar, but they were randomly arranged.  When the bar was magnetized, by using another magnetic or electric coil, these magnetic molecules lined up, there­by creating a magnet.  This is similar to what is envisioned today. (4-p79)

Next we will go into the examples Maxwell used to develop his elementary theory of magnetism and electromagnetism.  We will first describe the observation or the traditional explanation.  We will then give our explanation using the theory of multidimensional reality.  The reason we must cover this material is because Einstein, in 1905, referred in his special theory of relativity to Maxwell and Lorentz’s theory of electromagnetic phenomena.  He said, “Thus all facts of experience which support the electromagnetic theory also support the theory of relativity.” (1-p49) Therefore, if Max­well was wrong in his conclusions, then Einstein’s theory of rela­tivity is in big trouble.  When the early scientists were investigating magnetism and gravity, they were faced with a basic problem.  They could see the effects of magnetism, but they could not see what

30

caused those effects.  So what developed was that they had to try to recreate magnetic fields.  They were able to do so by using electric current through a conductor; the effect is called electro­magnetism.  The logic was that if you could duplicate the magnetic field and vary its intensity, you could then get some insight as to what regular magnetism is and, maybe, finally, gravity.  We will first cover bar magnets and what forms the magnetic field.  This is not the order that Maxwell used because scientists could not understand where this field came from.  Maxwell said:

“The action of magnets at a distance is perfectly identical with that of electric currents.  We therefore endeavour to trace both to the same cause, and since we cannot explain electric currents by means of mag­nets, we must adopt the other alternative, and explain magnets by means of molecular electric currents.” (4-p275)

So as we can see, he started out with the wrong assumption, thereby making his conclusions destined to be wrong.

Bar Magnets

Traditional explanation-(Weber’s theory)

“Weber’s theory differs from this in assuming that the molecules of the iron are always magnets, even before the application of the magnetizing force, but that in ordinary iron the magnetic axes of the molecules are turned indifferently in every direction, so that the iron as a whole ex­hibits no magnetic properties.” (4-p79) (Figure 3.1)

UNMAGNETIZED IRON BAR                                            MAGNETIZED IRON BAR

Figure 3.1 Drawing of a magnetized bar and a nonmagnetized bar

It was also concluded later that there were two different kinds of magnetism: one caused by the freely moving particles in electricity, while the other type was non-freely moving magnetized particles

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which were separated by a small distance.  If these molecules were forced to line up, they would form a bar magnet.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

The first question to be asked is how many elements can be mag­netized? The answer is: only one, the element iron.  If Weber’s theory was completely correct, then it must be assumed that all materials can be made into magnets.  In fact, there are only three other elements that will even be attracted by a magnetic field: oxygen (the second strongest element), sodium and aluminum-to a much lesser degree. (2-p354) So we must conclude that there is something very special about iron for it to become a magnet.  What it is, is that the frequency of the information that makes up iron is a close harmonic to the carrier wave frequency.

What happens when you force the atoms of iron to line up? We are forcing the information that makes it up to modulate in pre­dominantly two directions (180’ out of phase).  Normally, the signal would modulate 360’ around the object; but when we “magnetize” it, we have rearranged the information in the die­hold to be directed toward the poles.

The Relationship of North and South Poles

Traditional explanation-Since each molecule has its own north and south poles which form chains of molecules within the magnet, the reason that molecules A and B (Figure 3.1) are not repelled away from each other, within the magnet, is because these con­nected chains of magnetic dipole molecules compensate each other in the interior but end up as opposite poles at the ends. (3-pl69)

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

The reason opposite poles attract is because those two parts of the information frequency are 180’ out of phase.  Therefore, they can occupy the same time and space.  When these two fre­quencies combine they form the information that makes up that

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iron molecule or magnet.  Therefore, they are attracted together because the coordinates for their modulation are in the same time and space.

The reason like poles repel each other is that these two fre­quencies are the same information.  Therefore, they are in phase with each other and cannot occupy the same time and space, thus formulating another rule of the diehold: the diehold must keep like domains of information from occupying the same time and space, or else a “tear” might develop in that part of the universe, rendering that segment unstable.

Alterations of a Magnetic Bar

The permanent magnetism of an iron bar increases when it is extended and diminishes when it is compressed. (4-p92) There is no traditional explanation for this phenomenon.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

When the magnetic bar is at rest, there is a fixed amount of information directed at the two ends.  This amount of information remains constant as long as the mass of the bar remains the same.  The field strength of its information is proportional to the amount of area of the two ends.  As the bar is mechanically extended, the mass of the bar remains constant, but the area of the ends becomes smaller.  If the ends become smaller, the same amount of informa­tion must be directed through a smaller area.  The result is that the field intensity becomes greater.  When the bar magnet is compressed, the reverse happens.  The area of the ends becomes greater, so the same amount of information is directed through a larger opening thereby decreasing the intensity.

The same effect is found when an iron bar is placed in the center of an electrical coil.  The iron bar becomes lengthened when the current passes through the coil setting up a magnetic field as illus­trated (Figure 3.2). The effect of this is that the information that makes up the bar is even more restricted to only two paths.  The information that might have been directed toward the middle of the bar can now enter only through the ends.  This increases the intensity of the field at the ends.  This, combined with the mag-

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ELECTRIC COIL

MAGNETIC FIELD

IRON BAR

 

 

Figure 3.2 Iron bar in a coil

 

 

netic field of the coil concentrated along the center, focuses the information of the bar to a smaller area thereby forcing the bar to elongate.

Electromagnetism

One of the first observations made by scientists was that if a cur­rent is passed through a wire, a magnetic field appears perpendicu­lar to the flow of current.  The magnetic field strength is propor­tional to the amount of current passing through the wire.  This magnetic field is thought by scientists to be a state of stress in the conductor.  To quote Maxwell:

“In explaining the electromagnetic force by means of a state of stress in a medium, we are only following out the conception of Faraday, that the lines of magnetic force tend to shorten themselves, and that they repel each other when placed side by side.  All that we have done is to express the value of the tension along the lines, and the pressure at right angles to them, in mathematical language, and to prove that the state of stress thus assumed to exist in the medium will actually produce the observed forces on the conductors which carry electric currents.

We have asserted nothing as yet with respect to the mode in which this state of stress is originated and maintained in the medium.  We have

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merely shown that it is possible to conceive the mutual action of elec­tric currents to depend on a particular kind of stress in the surrounding medium instead of being a direct and immediate action at a distance.” (4-p282)

Faraday also discovered that the current traveled along the surface of the wire; and the interior remained relatively free.  It was also discovered that the speed of the current was the speed of light.  The French physicist, Andre Ampere theorized that magnetism was to be explained by the means of electric currents.  These cur­rents must circulate within molecules of a magnet similar to the current passing through a wire.  This led scientists to the idea that magnetism is an effect of moving electrons.  Maxwell continued the mistake by concluding that a displacement current, just like a con­duction current, produces a magnetic field.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

We must ask ourselves the first most important question.  What comes first, the magnetic field or the current? The answer is the magnetic field because per our theory, the magnetic field is the information that makes up that object.  Therefore, in order for the electrons to exist, the information must first be present to form their existence.  This theory is proved by the phenomenon of a back electromotive force-also known as self-inductance-that is present in a coil when the current is switched on (Figure 3.3).

The delay in the current from reaching maximum is due to the fact that the information that makes up the electrons must first be modulated into existence.  This self-inductance or magnetic field of the copper wire does not come from the copper, since copper cannot itself become a magnet.  In fact, it is repelled by a strong magnetic field.  Since we have come to the realization that the back electromotive force is due to the information that makes up the electrons, then we would expect that the increase and decay of current density would be an exponential function of time.  It is a well-proven fact that these are exponential functions, just like the charging and discharging of capacitors.

The next observation to be covered is why does the magnetic field appear perpendicular to the flow of current? This is because

 

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EL is the magnetic field formed in the coil, in the opposite direction to the flow of current.  ER and I is the resistance in ohms and the current density.  This graph also describes a capacitor charging up.

Figure 3.3 Graph depicting the charging of a capacitor

the magnetic field is 90’ out of phase from the electric charge.  In other words, the magnetic field cannot exist at the same time and space as the electrical charge.  This means that at one small moment of time, just the magnetic field exists by itself.  In the next moment of time, only the electrical charge exists.  We theorize this fre­quency is to be found between 1,500 and 3,000 GHz (billions of cycles per second) or just under the infrared frequency.

The next point to be explained is why the electric current flows only along the surface of the conductor.  The reason is because the surface of the wire is where the actual edge of the domains of information exist for the wire.  On the surface is where the greatest magnetic intensity or information modulation of the signal exists, thereby causing the greatest amounts of surface potential, even without any external current added.  This idea will be further proved in the chapter on light.

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The reason why electric current travels at the speed of light (depending on the medium) is because the information that makes up that electron is passing us at the speed of light (2.997925 x 10^10 cm/sec.). Another way of saying this is that the electron is really stationary domains of potential on the tape.  As the tape head passes the information that makes us up, it passes these domains of potential at the speed of light.

The Electric Generator (The Dynamo)

Avoltage is induced in a conductor, passing perpendicular to a magnetic field (Figure 3.4).

MAGNET

s

MAGNETIC FIELD

FLOW OF CURRENT

N

 

Figure 3.4 Drawing of a wire passing a magnetic field

 

Traditional explanation-The magnetic field produces stress within the conductor, which forces the electrons in the outer ring of the atoms to move in a certain direction.  They never explained why this stress could cause this effect.

The conclusion of all this is that they don’t know why a voltage is formed in a dynamo.  They could not give a logical explanation for this phenomenon, so they just went ahead and built bigger and better generators.  What they should have done was reflect, and think, logically, what is so special about a magnetic field that it

37

can do this? If they did spend time and think about it, they might have come up with one of the most important secrets of the universe.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

Per our theory, whenever the information of any two objects pass themselves at great enough velocity, electrons will be created.  If the two objects are conductors, the electric charge will conduct along the wire.  If the electrons are formed by two non-conductors, they will form what we call static electricity.

The generator works in the following manner (Figure 3.5). This explanation is very important to the chapter on Kirlian photog­raphy.

Position A-As we observe it in this dimension, first the con­ductor is moving parallel to the magnetic field, not crossing any of the magnetic lines of information of the magnet.  The result is that no electrons are being formed.

Position B-The information that makes up the conductor is starting to cross the information that makes up the magnet.  A voltage is beginning to be formed in the conductor.

Position C-At this point, the conductor is passing perpendicular to the information that makes up the magnet.  It is passing the greatest number of lines of information on the magnet.  So the greatest amount of electrons are being formed on or near the sur­face of the conductor.  These electrons pass onto the conductor and travel to areas of less concentration of potential.  How the electrons are formed in the first dimension will be discussed a little later.

Position D-At this point, the conductor is passing less lines of information perpendicular to itself; so less electrons are being formed.

Position E-The conductor is now passing parallel to the infor­mation of the magnetic, so no lines of information are being crossed; thereby creating no electrons.

Positions F, G, & H-are similar to B, C, and D except the elec­trons flow in the opposite direction.

Getting back to Position C, where the maximum quantity of electrons are being formed, the question we must ask ourselves: Is

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Top figure describes the action of a wire conductor as it revolves in a magnetic field inside a generator.  The voltage produced by such action is represented in the graph of the lower figure.

Figure 3.5

what happens in the diehold to form an electron in this dimension? To do this, we must observe what is happening when the conductor is exactly perpendicular to the magnetic field (Figure 3.6). At this position, we can say that both the magnet and the conductor are parallel and closest to each other.  The conductor is usually copper wire because of its low resistance qualities.  As mentioned earlier,

39

copper cannot become a magnet.  This means that both signals (we could think of them as north and south) (Figure 3.7) are modu­lating to the same space and time to form the wire.  Since these signals would be modulating perpendicular to the surface of the wire, this means that half of the wire’s information would be in phase with the information of the north pole of the magnet.  It would be like having two north poles opposing themselves.  As mentioned earlier in the section on bar magnets, when like infor­mation occupies the same time and space, a tear develops in the diehold.  This tear of unstable information forms small domains of potential, which in our dimension we call an electron having a certain fixed charge.  This collective charge we call voltage.

MAGNET

N

DIRECTION OF MOTION

WIRE CROSS SECTION

Figure 3.6 Close-up drawing of a wire passing a north pole in a generator

We can now summarize by saying that observed from this di­mension, one of the conditions necessary to form electrons is to have two objects passing parallel to themselves, thereby causing the information of both to be parallel to each other.  The lines of information will always be perpendicular to the plain of motion.

Magnecrystallic Phenomena

This phenomenon was first described by Julius Plucker, (4-p49) then it was further experimented with by Michael Faraday (1848).

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Figure 3.7 Close-up of the copper wire showing the information being directed toward it

 

Faraday was the one to coin the expression “magnecrystallic force.” What this effect is, is that certain crystals will turn on their axes and align themselves perpendicular to a magnetic field.  He worked with crystals of bismuth, antimony, and arsenic.  He found the following: “The direction of the force is in relation to the mag­netic field, axial and not equatorial.” (8-p87)

“I have already stated that the magnecrystallic force does not manifest itself by attraction or repulsion, or, at least, does not cause approach or recession, but gives position only.  The law of action appears to be, that, the line or axis of MAGNECRYSTALLIC force (being the result­ant of the action of all the molecules), tends to place itself parallel, or as a tangent, to the magnetic curve or line of magnetic force, passing through the place where the crystal is situated. (8-p90)

“Thus it is evident that, in all these cases, there was a line of magne­crystallic force perpendicular to the planes of the plates, and perfectly consistent in its position and action with the force before found in the solid crystals of antimony. (8-pl02)

“Thus it seems that other bodies besides bismuth, antimony and arsenic, present magnecrystallic effects.  Amongst these are the allow of iridium and osmium, probably tellurium and titanium, and certainly the sul­phates of iron and nickel. (8-pll0)

“The magnecrystallic force appears to be very clearly distinguished from either the magnetic or diamagnetic forces, in that it causes neither approach nor recession; consisting not in attraction or repulsion, but in its giving a certain determinate position to the mass under its influence,

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so that a given line in relation to the mass is brought by it into a given relation with the direction of the external magnetic power. (8-pll00)

“This force appears to me to be very strange and striking in its char­acter.  It is not polar, for there is no attraction or repulsion.  Then what is the nature of the mechanical force which turns the crystal round, or makes it affect a magnet? It is not like a turning helix of wire acted on by the lines of magnetic force for there, there is a current of electricity required, and the ring has polarity all the time and is powerfully at­tracted or repelled. (8-pl2l)

“If we suppose for a moment that the axial position is that in which the crystal is unaffected, and that it is in the oblique position that the magnecrystallic axial direction is affected and rendered polar, giving two tensions pulling the crystal round, then there ought to be attrac­tions at these times, and an obliquely presented crystal ought to be attracted by a single pole, or the nearest of two poles; but no action of this kind appears.

“Or we might suppose that the crystal is a little more apt for magnetic induction, or a little less apt for diamagnetic induction, in the direction of the magnecrystallic axis than in other directions.  But, if so, it should surely show polar attractions in the case of the magnetic bodies, as sul­phate of iron; and in the case of diamagnetic bodies, as bismuth, a difference in the degree of repulsion when presented with the magne­crystallic axis parallel and perpendicular to the lines of magnetic force; which it does not do.

“I do not remember heretofore such a case of force as the present one, where a body is brought into position only, without attraction or repulsion.

“If the power be induced, it must be like, generally, to its inducing predominants: and these are, at present, the magnetic and electric forces.  If induced, subject to the crystalline force it must show an intimate relation between it and them.  How hopeful we may be, there­fore, that the results will help to throw open the doors which may lead us to a full knowledge of these powers and the combined manner in which they dwell in the particles of matter, and exert their influence in producing the wonderful phenomena which they present!” (8-pl22)

Maxwell and other scientists after him never gave a reason why this phenomenon occurs.  It is obvious that Faraday knew he was dealing with something he could not explain by using his theories.  After Maxwell, it doesn’t appear to have been mentioned by any­one, not even by Einstein.  This is because his theory of relativity

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has no explanation for the aligning of objects to a magnetic field with no attraction or repulsion.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

Why do only a few elements like arsenic, bismuth, and antimony exhibit this magnecrystallic effect? The answer is that since each element has its own frequency that makes it up, of all the elements, some will have a frequency which will not be a higher or lower harmonic of the frequency of the magnetic field.  But its frequency or information will modulate in such a way as to let the informa­tion of the magnet pass parallel to the element’s information, thereby turning in the direction of the magnetic field.

It seems that when the scientists of Einstein’s day came across this phenomenon and realized they could not explain it by using the ether or the special or general theories of relativity, they stayed away from it like the plague.  Scientists are paid by benefactors to come up with answers, not more questions.  Einstein and the other scientists who worked with him to develop and push the theory of relativity, truly thought they had the truth and the secret of the universe.  The problem is that when you have a theory for the secret of the universe, your theory must explain all phenomena, not just the ones with which you feel confident.

The results from scientists like Maxwell, prior to 1905, was that they knew what the effects of magnetism were on other objects­that magnetism was interrelated with electricity, that it was similar to gravity and the magnetic field of the earth.  They had, also, de­veloped a system of measuring and quantifying the magnetic field.  Field strength could then be expressed in usable terms, like a gauss,” a “weber,” a “tesla,” or a “dyne.”

In summary, Maxwell’s field theory concluded that the magnetic field is something real, that an electrical field is produced by a changing magnetic field, and that a magnetic field is produced by a changing electric field.  His equations describe the structure of the electromagnetic field and its speed.  As mentioned earlier, he did not try to explain how the electromagnetic or magnetic field originated, or from where and how it was maintained in our dimension.

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Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity

In 1905 Einstein published his Special Theory of Relativity.  Its purpose was to point out the deficiencies in classical mechanics when dealing with objects that were traveling at great speeds rela­tive to each other.  Another purpose of the theory was to lay the groundwork for his explanation of gravity and its effect on moving objects (general theory of relativity).  We have little disagreement with the effects of great velocity, relative to objects in time, as stated in the Special Theory of Relativity.  We do disagree with the causes of these effects.  This seems to prove an interesting point; that you can have a wrong philosophy but still come up with cor­rect results.  It is similar to the astronomical theories of the medi­eval period, insisted on by the Catholic church; that the earth was the center of the universe.  Astronomers of that day constructed star charts showing the planets and the stars going in strange direc­tions, including radical turns and curves, around the earth.  The interesting thing is that they were able to calculate the locations and directions of these heavenly bodies, even though their basic philosophy was wrong.  The same situation exists with the theory of relativity.

Geometrical Representation

Relativity-The first thing Einstein had to do was define the me­thod of coordinates to be used in his theory.  He rejected the tradi­tional 3-dimensional method used in classical mechanics (length, width, and depth), because it was too rigid and did not account for time.  So he used Hermann Minkowski’s geometrical method of representation in a 4-dimensional “world” (Figure 3.8). All objects that have length, width, depth, and travel in time (velocity) are considered 4-dimensional objects.  This system of coordinates did not take into account the effects near a gravitational field.  In the general theory of relativity, Einstein developed another system of coordinates to express objects near a gravitational field.  This sys­tem of coordinates was merely meant to describe objects moving relative to each other in space.

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Figure 3.8 Drawing of Minkowski’s four-dimensional reality

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

Our first criticism of this method of describing dimensions is that it is too narrow and does not take into account many of the ob­servations we see in the universe.  It is too simplistic and incom­plete, thereby rendering it wrong.  We theorize the most important factor dividing the various dimensions is the amount of potential each object has and how great an area an object occupies as a domain of information in the diehold.  To give an example, let’s compare a man and a rock.  Both have length, width, depth, and are both in the same time reference, since they are both going at the same velocity in space.  Using Minkowski’s geometry, we would say the man and the rock are in the same dimension; but no one would say that the man and the rock are the same kind of exist­ence.  The difference between the rock and the man is the greater amount of potential the man has over the rock.  To prove this point, we can easily register a voltage and a high frequency off the man but we cannot read anything off the rock.  This greater potential is manifested in the fact that the man can perceive his environment and interact with it, whereas the rock cannot per-

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ceive or interact with its environment.  In fact, it can’t even per­ceive its own existence.

The First Dimension: This dimension is the storage dimension where all information that makes up the universe exists.  All infor­mation that makes up the beginning of time to the end of time.  The first dimension has no length, no width, no depth, and time is truly irrelevant.  This dimension is represented by one of the sides of the octahedron (Chapter 9).  The first dimension is also the dimension reserved for the structure of the diehold.  This means that dimensions 2 through 8 can never reach nor see the diehold, because we cannot go faster than the speed of light, which is the speed of the tapehead across the information making up reality.  This is why we can never go faster than the speed of light, because we can never go as fast or faster than the device transmitting our existence.

The Second Dimension: This is the transmission dimension.  Like radio waves, which are electromagnetic waves, magnetic lines of force are 90’ out of phase from the electrical lines of force.  The difference with the diehold transmission frequencies is that the phase angles are the same as the sides of the diehold, and there are no electric lines of force, just pure information (magnetic lines of force).

The Third Dimension: The lowest form of a modulated signal is this dimension.  Each element has its own frequency which forms unique angles associated with that element’s unique crystal shape (see crystal chapter).  The crystal is the basic building block of all the following dimensions.  This dimension, as personified by a crystal, has length, width, and depth but no potential associated with it.

The Fourth Dimension: The lowest level where life and intelli­gence can be modulated into existence.  All living things, from the amoeba to man, can perceive their own environment.  This level of potential is much greater than the objects of the third dimension.  Within this dimension there is a wide range of potential, the smaller forms of life possessing less potential than the larger, more com­plex forms of life.  This is an important observation, since we can now state another theorem about the diehold: Intelligence may be a result of a given level of potential in the diehold.  As the poten­tial of a life-form increases, it is able to perceive more of the

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domains of information around itself, thereby recalling, comparing and analyzing greater amounts of information.  This is called intel­ligence.  Average man falls into this dimension.  His limitations are: he can only gather information from this dimension with the five senses he has been given (smell, sight, taste, hearing, and touch).  This is not to say that occasionally some individuals will not ex­hibit some of the abilities of the next dimension.

The Fifth Dimension: In this dimension, an intelligence pos­sesses much more potential than in the previous dimension.  He is able to perceive much more information of his surroundings in the diehold without using the senses of a fourth-dimensional individ­ual.  This subject will be covered later in the chapter on psychic phenomena.  A fifth-dimensional being would also be able to bend the information that makes up three-dimensional objects.  This would include the ability to change the rate of signal modulation of an object, thereby altering its time reference.  This individual would start to perceive the information of objects around him without actually detecting them from his lower senses.

The Sixth Dimension: This individual would be able to move objects in time and space.  Time for him would not mean as much as for the other two previous dimensions, and his potential would be much greater than that of the previous dimension.  This intelli­gence could be in the form of a fourth-dimensional being, or may be able to alter its form to something else.  This intelligence would also be able to recreate three- and some four-dimensional objects.  If a sixth-dimensional being has a fish in his possession, he does not just have that fish in the fourth dimension; he also has the information that makes up that fish contained in the diehold.  This intelligence could then reproduce that fish as many times as he wished.  This does not mean he is creating; because in fact, he is only duplicating what already exists.  This sixth-dimensional being probably perceives most of his surroundings from the diehold and not from his lower senses.  This does not mean that this being does not need third, fourth, and fifth-dimensional objects to survive.  He probably uses them as reference points in those dimensions in order for him to know what his information is doing in the die­hold.

The Seventh Dimension: A planet.  This may seem very strange, but if we are going to think logically, we must account for every-

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thing we see in the universe as having a function.  To continue this line of thought, a planet has much more potential than any of the previous four dimensions.  Even from observing a planet from the fourth dimension, we know that the earth has many frequencies associated with it.  A planet can be considered like a coil and a condenser containing billions of volts of electricity, some of which is discharged as lightening.  The planet also has two types of fields.  One is a gravitational field and the other is a magnetic field.  It does seem logical to state that this entity perceives a great deal of its existence from the diehold.

The Eighth Dimension: A star.  This dimension was one of the easiest to figure out, because in existence there must be a stage of evolution where an existence can finally go back to where its in­formation started.  A star is the only thing in the universe that collapses upon itself when it becomes a black hole.  When it be­comes a black hole, what is happening is that its information is going to the first dimension, or back to the diehold.  This process probably occurs when it has evolved so far and collected so much potential that it can pull in unlimited amounts of information from its surroundings in the diehold.  This information we would perceive as a tremendous gravitational field.  When the gravitational field (concentrated information) gets too great, the star can no longer exist in any other dimension but the first dimension.

Afourth-dimensional existence may be the lowest level of in­telligent information, and it is very short-lived; but it may be able to know the secret of existence faster than the higher dimensions.  There are many trade-offs to be made in order to obtain certain goals.  The reason a fourth-dimensional being could come to the truth faster is because he knows that when he performs an experi­ment, his mind does not have an effect on the outcome of the experiment.  His conclusion would be that the results of his experi­ments were due entirely to the natural laws of science, not manip­ulated by him.  Because of his helplessness in nature, he is rendered not much more than a spectator of existence.  As you go higher up in the dimensions, an intelligence has a harder time delineating whether he is causing the effects or is merely observing them! Therefore, a trade-off is revealed.  The greater your potential, the higher your dimension, and the longer it takes to come to the truth.  This may be why certain objects exist longer in time than others, because they have to.

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Propagation of Light

Einstein called his theory “The Special Theory of Relativity,” be­cause he recognized the fact that the speed of light, 2.9979 x 108 meters per second, is the constant of the universe and that nothing could go faster than light.  There were other relativity theories at the time, so the word “special” identified Einstein’s.  He theorized that no matter how fast an object was going, if a beam of light was sent out from that object, the velocity of that light would be the same as for an object at rest.  This idea was a departure from classi­cal mechanics, which believed in the cumulative effect of velocities.  Einstein had no explanation as to what light was at the time he formulated his theory.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

We have no disagreement with Einstein’s conclusion that light is the constant of the universe, but we do wish to state that the reason the speed of light is the fastest speed obtainable is because light is going at the speed of the tapehead across the information.  This tapehead is transmitting all of existence (information) through­out the universe.  Light will be explained in Chapter 5.

Time In Physics

Time to relativity is interrelated to the distance and velocity an object is going from Point “A” to Point “B.” The time varies with the velocity of the object.  Einstein envisioned time as a much more elastic unit of measure than was defined in classical mechanics.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

We envision time much like Einstein did, when observed from the fourth dimension; but there is a much more important point to be made about time.  We have all heard that it would take many years for intelligence from another solar system to travel to our planet.  This does not even take into consideration the trip back.  We have

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all heard theories that these UFO’s must use suspended animation for their space travelers.  This system may work for solar systems that are 5 to 10 light years away, but what about solar systems that are 30,000 to 50,000 light years away? This seems like a tremendous distance, but it is still within our own galaxy.  It is un­likely that a highly advanced civilization would engage in space travel that would mean that their astronauts wouldn’t return with­in a relatively short period of time.  This is because by the time these space travelers returned from a long journey, the purpose of their trip would have been long since forgotten or the information would no longer be needed.  And this does not even take into con­sideration the separation of loved ones and the family problems that would arise.

The question that must be asked is what is so special about time that you can make time and distance irrelevant? If we look at time the way Einstein envisioned it, man will never get out of his own backyard.  These tremendous distances may be how God keeps unevolved beings from contaminating other planets and other solar systems.  It is as though if we don’t evolve to the truth of what existence is, we will never travel in time and space.

This is what time is and how it’s related to the diehold.  Let’s take two planets, A and B, (Figure 3.9) which are one light year away from each other.  Now let’s consider a spacecraft (S) traveling at 50 percent the speed of light (1.5 x 108 m/secs) from planet A to planet B. It will take that spacecraft two years of planet A’s time to reach planet B. If we were in the spacecraft, it would take one year and 267 days.  This is the accepted way of looking at time in relation to distance and speed.  Using the Theory of Multidimen­sional Reality, this is how we would look at the same condition.

 

 

 

Figure 3.9 Description of space travel between planet “A” and planet “B”

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Let’s say we are looking at a small portion of recording tape which has the information of planet A, planet B, and also the in­formation of the spacecraft, “S.” The line stretched perpendicular across the tape represents the head device transmitting all exist­ence of the universe at the exact same moment in time.  Step 0 represents the beginning of the journey.  The straight line along the tape represents the position of “S” on the tape in its journey from A to B. Our observation now shows that time, in the first dimension, is the distance the tapehead has traveled across the information.  To avoid the problem of time and distance, we would have to raise the potential of spacecraft “S” to a level where it could no longer exist in this dimension.  When it reached this po­tential, it would be possible to move its information perpendicularly across the tape instead of along it.  The result would be that no time would pass for spacecraft “S” traveling from A to B. There may be some proof of this idea of high potential.  Many UFO sightings have been made all over the world and many have described various glowing lights around the surface of these UFOs.  The color most mentioned is a blue hue.  This blue hue around the UFO is defi­nitely high voltage.  Another proof of this idea is the many descrip­tions of radical turns performed at tremendous speeds.  If these UFO’s were entirely in this dimension, the laws of centrifugal force would be entirely valid for them.  Since it is obvious that the effects of centrifugal force have no bearing on their space, we must come to the conclusion that they are moving in time and space.

Measuring Rods and Clocks

The effects of velocity on three-dimensional objects and clocks is probably the best known effect resulting from the Special Theory of Relativity.  As an object increases its velocity toward the speed of light, its dimensions become smaller.  The equation used to cal­culate the size difference is quite simple

 

Lengths of objects    1- V2/C2      

Duration of time  = t/v2/c2

 

 

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This is called the Lorentz transformations.  Let’s use the example of a rod one meter long.  If this rod was not moving at all in the fourth dimension, it would be one meter long.  Now let’s say the velocity is increased to 200 million meters per second.

 

 

At this velocity, the one-meter rod would be 74.5 centimeters long, or, in other words, it would be reduced in size to 74.5 percent of its original length.  If the velocity was further increased to 298 million meters per second,

 

 

the one-meter rod would now be 10.9 centimeters long.  As we can see, the rod is getting smaller as we approach the speed of light.  The inverse happens with time.  As the velocity of a clock increases, the time it measures slows down.  To give an example of this, let us use the same velocities as the previous example.  Wehave a clock moving through space at 200 million meters per second.

 

 

The outcome is that each second measured by that clock is actually 1.342 seconds long, as measured by a clock with 0 velocity.  If the speed is increased to 298 million meters per second,

 

 

the duration of one second is now 9.165 seconds long, as measured by another clock at zero velocity.  Einstein only explained how this

 

 

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phenomenon could be calculated and that velocity caused this effect.  He never explained why velocity caused the phenomenon.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

To explain how this phenomenon occurs, we must go back to the tape analogy.  Remember that the head device is going at the speed of light transmitting the information of all existence.  So that means that an object at absolute zero velocity in space is actually going (in the diehold) at the speed of light.  Another way of saying it is that the object’s information is being modulated into existence at the speed of light.  This means that to increase its speed, it is impossible to do it in the diehold; because it cannot go past the head device.

Our conclusion is that velocity or speed is only an observational fact for the other dimensions.

The next conclusion we must come to is that if we increase our velocity in the fourth dimension and if we accept the idea that we cannot go faster in the diehold (the first dimension), then the re­sult of our increased speed must be the stretching out of the in­formation.  To clarify this idea, let’s go to the illustration, (Figure 3.10). Object A has zero velocity in this dimension at Point 1. In the diehold its information is being modulated even with the head device.  At Step 2, let’s say the speed of the object A’ has been increased to 100 million meters per second.

 

Notice that Object A’s information has been stretched to 106.1 percent of its original modulation behind the head device.  The consequence of this is that one second measured on Object A’ would actually be 1.061 seconds long; and if Object A measured one meter long at rest, it would now measure 94.27 centimeters long.  In Einstein’s theory, the mass of the object would also be­come 6.075 percent greater as the size of the object became smaller.  Our reason for this is as the information of A’is stretched out, it

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HEAD DEVICE AT TWO CONSECU IVE MOMENTS IN TIME

 

Figure 3. 10 Demonstrating the effects of velocity in the diehold

takes up a greater domain of information on the tape.  This greater domain of information is represented by the shaded area in the diagram.  This greater amount of information increases the gravita­tional field around the object because a larger domain of informa­tion must be moculated in the same size area in this dimension.  This increased field will compress the size of the original object. The end result is that the mass goes up and the volume goes down in the same proportion.

At position 2, the velocity of B is 298 million meters per second.

 

The result would be that the information for Object B would be stretched to 917 percent of its original modulation behind the tape­head.  This would be indicated by the fact that a clock placed on Object B would measure time 9.17 times slower than at rest.  The mass of Object B would be 917 percent greater than at rest be­cause Object B is occupying a much larger domain of information on the tape.  The increased field (information) would in turn re­duce the size of B to only 10.9 percent of its original volume.  As

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we can see, as the velocity of A is increased A to A’, the area of domains of information for A’ becomes greater because the signal is getting stretched out increasingly behind the head device.  This in turn manifests itself by slowing down time for the object.  Since the domains of information for A’ are greater, the field becomes greater because more information must be modulated in a smaller area.  The increased gravitational field in turn reduces the volume of A’ proportionally.  This process would continue until the object reaches just under the speed of light.  The result of this fantastic speed is that the object is becoming a first-dimensional object.  It is returning to the information that made it up, where time is irrele­vant.  To get Object B to this fantastic velocity, it would take an equally fantastic amount of energy.  Therefore, this method of transportation is highly inefficient and wasteful.  We could more easily raise the potential of the object high enough and move the object in time and space using the diehold instead of going against it. In reality, we are really adding potential to an object when we use mechanical methods of propulsion in this dimension, but we are doing it the hard way-this is because we are using me­chanical energy from this dimension instead of using energy that is already in the diehold.

Inertia of Energy

Relativity-the most important principle developed from the Spe­cial Theory of Relativity is the proportionality of inertia and inertial mass.  This principle is called the Law of Inertia of Energy.  The formula for this law is probably the best known formula in science; that is, E=mc2 . The meaning of this equation is: energy is equal to the inertial mass of an object times the speed of light, squared.  The implication is that we can obtain energy from mat­ter.  In fact, Einstein said that matter is nothing more than concen­trated areas of energy.  The proof of his equation is generally accepted to be the atomic and hydrogen bombs.

Multidimensional Reality Explanation

To get right to the point, per our theory, the formula, E=mc2, is wrong, the philosophy is wrong, and the observation is wrong.

 

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The first problem is that it assumes that everything from that reaction is happening in this dimension.  It does not take into ac­count the fact that matter has unique frequencies associated with it, and that these frequencies result from its information.  It does not explain why the speed of light is the constant of the universe, it merely recognizes that it is.  So c2 was put in the formula, which would, of course, produce a large answer.  In summary, all this formula (E=mc2) produces is a very large number that can’t be tested for its accuracy.  There is enough evidence today to show this formula is wrong in results and theory.  One such result is the amount of energy being emitted by quasars, billions of light years away.  The energy released is more than can be explained by this formula (astronomy chapter).  Another fact is the phantom-leaf effect of Kirlian photography.  In this example, an energy field is being produced from no matter (Kirlian photography chapter).

How come the atomic bomb works? The answer is, first of all, that we must recognize that there are two ways of raising the potential of matter (three-dimensional objects).  One is by using high voltage, high frequency.  This is the easiest way because we are using electrical potential that exists only in the diehold.  The other method is by using mechanical methods, which is less efficient.  The atomic and hydrogen bombs use this latter method.

Fission Reaction

Relativity explanation-This type of reaction is used in the atomic bomb.  The principle is rather simple.  The only difficult part is its implementation.  The basic principle is that we must take an un­stable element, such as uranium isotope (U235) and raise its po­tential above what scientists call the fission barrier, enabling the uranium to split into two more stable elements.  These elements usually form within the middle part of the periodic chart.  Scien­tists have estimated that the binding energy inside U235 is equiva­lent to 5 x 106 electron volts.  The idea is to get a highly excited proton with a kinetic energy of 13 x 106 volts in order to penetrate the U235  nucleus.  It is theorized by physicists that the additional potential added by this proton is the energy that splits the U235 molecule into two more stable elements.  Current scientific theory continues by saying that the energy released